Special teams are the units on a football team that are responsible for executing plays during kickoffs, punts, extra point attempts, and field goals. These plays often happen at critical moments of the game and can greatly influence the outcome. Special teams contribute to a team’s overall strategy by managing transitions and ensuring that the team is in the best possible position to either score or prevent the opposing team from scoring.
In many cases, the effectiveness of special teams can dictate the flow of the game. For instance, a well-executed punt can trap an opponent deep in their own territory, while a strong kickoff return can provide a team with excellent field position. The strategic importance of special teams is often underestimated by casual fans, but coaches and players know that these units can swing the momentum of a game in a matter of seconds.
The Role of Special Teams
Special teams are called upon whenever there is a change of possession or scoring attempt that involves kicking. This includes:
- Kickoffs: This is how the game starts and also how play resumes after a score. The special teams unit that kicks off aims to send the ball as far down the field as possible, while the receiving team tries to advance the ball into a favorable position. Effective kickoffs can also lead to touchbacks, which prevent the receiving team from making a return and start them at the 25-yard line.
- Punts: When the offensive team fails to advance the ball far enough to score, they will often punt on fourth down. The punting team tries to kick the ball as far as possible, while the receiving team attempts to catch it and run it back as far as they can. Punts are strategic plays that can flip the field, forcing the opponent to start their offensive drive further from the end zone.
- Field Goals and Extra Points: Special teams are responsible for placekicking situations. This includes field goal attempts, which can score three points, and extra points following touchdowns, which add an additional point. The reliability of a kicker in these situations can often define the outcome of close games, making them an integral part of a team’s scoring capability.
- Punt and Kickoff Returns: The receiving team attempts to catch and advance the ball as far as possible to give their offense a better starting position. A successful return can electrify a team and its fans, providing momentum that can carry over into offensive drives.
Key Players on Special Teams
Special teams require skilled players who are often specialists in their roles. Each player on special teams has a specific role, and their performance can significantly impact the game’s outcome. Here are some of the key players involved:
The Kicker
The kicker is responsible for kickoffs, field goals, and extra points. A good kicker can be a valuable asset, as their accuracy and distance can directly contribute to the score. In addition to technical skills, kickers must maintain composure under pressure, as their performance is often scrutinized in critical moments. The ability to consistently make long-distance field goals can be a game-changer for a team.
The Punter
The punter’s main job is to kick the ball downfield during a punt. The goal is to position the opposing team as far back as possible, making it harder for them to score. A punter must also master the art of hang time, giving their teammates a chance to get downfield and cover the returner. Additionally, punters may be called upon to execute fake punts, adding a layer of complexity to their role.
The Long Snapper
The long snapper delivers the ball to the holder or punter with precision. This role requires accuracy and speed, as a bad snap can disrupt the entire play. The long snapper is often one of the most overlooked positions, but their consistency is crucial for the success of both punts and field goal attempts. In high-pressure situations, a reliable long snapper is indispensable.
The Holder
During field goals and extra points, the holder receives the snap and places the ball for the kicker. Quick hands and good communication with the kicker are essential. The holder must ensure that the ball is positioned perfectly for the kicker to make an accurate attempt. Any mishap in timing or placement can result in a missed opportunity, highlighting the importance of this role.
The Return Specialists
Return specialists are tasked with catching punts and kickoffs. Their goal is to advance the ball downfield and potentially score. Speed, agility, and vision are crucial skills for this role. Return specialists can turn the tide of a game with a single play, as their ability to navigate through the opposing team can lead to significant gains or even touchdowns. Teams often rely on their return specialists to provide a spark and shift momentum.
Strategies and Importance of Special Teams
While special teams might seem like a small part of the game, they hold significant strategic value. Coaches invest a lot of time and effort into these plays because they can change the momentum of a game. The impact of special teams extends beyond individual plays, influencing the overall strategy and execution of a team’s game plan.
Field Position
Special teams play a key role in determining field position. A well-executed punt or kickoff can pin the opposing team deep in their own territory, making it more challenging for them to score. Conversely, a poor special teams play can give the opposing team an advantageous starting position, putting additional pressure on the defense. Field position battles are a critical aspect of football strategy, and special teams are at the forefront of this endeavor.
Scoring Opportunities
Field goals and extra points are obvious scoring opportunities, but special teams can also create points through successful return plays. A return for a touchdown can shift the game dramatically. In addition to scoring, special teams can force turnovers, such as fumbles during kick returns, which can provide additional scoring chances for the offense. This dual threat of scoring and creating opportunities makes special teams a vital part of a team’s arsenal.
Momentum Shifts
A blocked punt or successful onside kick can swing the momentum in favor of the team that executes it. These plays can energize a team and its fans, sometimes leading to a comeback. Special teams units are often tasked with executing surprise plays that catch the opponent off guard, further amplifying their impact on the game’s momentum. The psychological effects of a well-timed special teams play can be as important as the physical outcome.
Game Management
Coaches use special teams to manage the clock and the flow of the game. For instance, strategically using timeouts during special teams plays can be crucial in close games. Special teams are also integral in deciding when to attempt risky plays, such as fake punts or onside kicks. These decisions can influence the pacing and rhythm of the game, allowing teams to control the narrative and adapt to evolving situations on the field.
Notable Special Teams Plays
Throughout football history, there have been numerous iconic special teams plays. These moments often highlight the impact special teams can have on the outcome of a game. Such plays are often remembered for their dramatic nature and the way they capture the essence of football’s unpredictability.
The “Music City Miracle”
In the 1999 NFL playoffs, the Tennessee Titans executed a lateral pass during a kickoff return that led to a game-winning touchdown. This play is one of the most famous in NFL history and underscores the potential for special teams to deliver dramatic victories. The “Music City Miracle” is a testament to the creativity and daring that can define special teams plays, demonstrating how preparation and execution can achieve the improbable.
The “Kick Six”
In the 2013 Iron Bowl, Auburn’s Chris Davis returned a missed field goal attempt over 100 yards for a touchdown, securing a victory over Alabama. This play demonstrated how a special teams unit can change the course of a game with a single, electrifying moment. The “Kick Six” remains a legendary example of how special teams can capitalize on unexpected opportunities, turning defensive situations into offensive triumphs and leaving an indelible mark on football lore.
Conclusion
Special teams might not always receive the spotlight, but their influence on the game of football is undeniable. From determining field position to creating scoring opportunities, special teams are a critical component of any successful football strategy. Understanding their roles and contributions can deepen your appreciation for the game and highlight the nuanced strategies that make football so exciting.
Whether it’s a clutch field goal, a breathtaking punt return, or a game-changing block, special teams are always ready to make an impact. As you watch your next football game, keep an eye on these crucial plays, and you’ll see just how vital special teams are to the sport we love. Their ability to alter the course of a game with a single play makes them a fascinating and integral part of football, deserving of recognition and respect from fans and analysts alike.